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ADHD in Adults – Treatment Options ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4% of the general population. It is accompanied by high levels of co-morbidity (depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse) and significant emotional, social, and occupational impairments. Psychotherapy and medication are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants such as methylphenidate or amphetamine. Medications Many adults suffering from ADHD notice significant improvements in their symptoms and functioning due to medication. Because of the different ways that people react to medications, it is important for individuals with ADHD to discover a combination that is most effective. Adults suffering from ADHD are prescribed stimulants, such as amphetamines or methylphenidate. These stimulants are available in tablets or liquids in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hour. Some adults supplement an immediate-release dose with an extended-release or longer-acting drug that is taken daily to reduce the requirement for frequent doses throughout the day. Adults with ADHD are also successfully treated with antidepressants, such as desipramine. This class of medications can be used alone or in conjunction with stimulants to boost their effects. They can also increase the danger of serious side consequences, like rapid heartbeats, EKG changes and orthostatic hypotension. Adults suffering from ADHD can also be treated using alprazolam or clonidine. They are both Alpha-2 antagonists of the adrenergic system. These drugs were initially developed to treat hypertension. They have a calming affect and can help improve focus and reduce hyperactivity and impulse control in certain adults. These medications can result in extremely low blood pressure if they are suddenly stopped, or the dosage is decreased. Adults with ADHD may also benefit from psychotherapy. Individual talk therapy helps them deal with feelings of shame, embarrassment, and resentment toward coworkers, teachers, supervisors, and family members that may criticize or nag them. Additionally, marriage and family counseling can help couples with ADHD understand each other's problems and improve communication. Behavioral Therapy The primary goal of psychosocial therapy for adults ADHD is to teach skills and strategies that improve function in everyday life. Psychotherapy can help those with ADHD overcome their self-esteem problems and the feeling of failure they often feel. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists individuals in changing the negative thoughts that create problems in their lives and to learn new ways of thinking, feeling and doing. This short-term and goal-oriented therapy has been shown to be effective in treating many illnesses, such as anxiety and depression. It can be used by itself or in conjunction with other therapies. CBT could involve group therapy, which is especially beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD, as it provides the chance to connect with others who are facing similar issues and discover how other people manage their ADHD symptoms. CBT can be offered in person or over the phone. In one study, CBT was compared to conventional therapy for adults who have ADHD. Both treatments improved self-report indicators like symptoms, functioning, and quality of life. CBT has been compared to other psychosocial treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. All of these studies demonstrate significant reductions in ADHD symptoms, with effect sizes that range from moderate to large. These improvements were attributed to a variety modalities including interpersonal and cognitive behavior therapy as well as social skills training, problem solving training, as well as mindfulness meditation. It is essential to assess the effectiveness of different treatments for adult ADHD with caution. It is possible that the differences in the results of treatment are due to a variety of factors, including the treatment characteristics and the measures employed. A few studies have looked into the effectiveness of neurofeedback, an approach that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap when performing cognitive tasks to identify areas in the brain where there is too much or too little activity, and teaching the individual to control these patterns. Counseling Many people who suffer from ADHD also have comorbid mood or anxiety disorders that require treatment. Counseling can help with these issues, which may contribute to ADHD symptoms. Certain psychotherapy methods include the use of interpersonal therapy to improve the capacity of individuals to establish meaningful relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive behavioral therapy seeks to transform negative behaviors and assist in managing impulsive and self-destructive behaviors that can cause problems at work or school. In some instances psychotherapy can be utilized as an adjunct to medication for adult adhd in adults treatment. People who have comorbid conditions like bipolar disorder and substance abuse should be evaluated with care to make sure they don't have symptoms that cannot be improved by the medication used to treat ADHD. Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, lead poisoning and a history or seizures, must be treated more aggressively. When ADHD is severe enough to interfere with daily functioning and quality-of-life intensive outpatient programs could be recommended. These programs provide structured treatment that is more intensive than conventional outpatient psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of cognitive therapy, helps people with ADHD to improve their ability to manage time, impulse control, planning and executive function. It helps them recognize and express their emotions and employs worksheets and exercises to make the learning more interesting. Mindfulness meditation training improves CBT and improves the ability of a person to concentrate and manage their emotions. It also improves a person's capacity to manage anxiety and stress. It can help them deal with anger, sadness and other emotional issues that may be contributing to their ADHD. Occupational Therapy Adults suffering from ADHD often have difficulties functioning at home and at work. In addition to affecting their work performance, these symptoms interfere with relationships and may result in financial issues. Therapy that addresses these issues can help you boost your self-esteem, solve the root of your issue and develop healthy coping mechanisms. Cognitive-behavioral Therapy is a great treatment for adults with ADHD because it teaches you how to change your negative beliefs and behaviors. Particularly, it is focused on teaching you how to employ strategies to manage your time and eliminate the distortions in your thinking that cause negative moods and a perception of a limited selection. Many people suffering from ADHD have depression or anxiety disorders as comorbid conditions. These psychiatric conditions can cause or decrease the effectiveness of some treatments for ADHD. It is recommended to first treat the most severe comorbidity and then monitor the response to the medication before treating the other condition. Occupational therapy can help you manage your work and life by establishing predictable routines, control your time and money, and develop confidence in yourself. It can also help you master relaxation techniques that may reduce your impulsivity and hyperactivity. Yoga and other exercises can help you concentration by stabilizing your body during various poses. Counseling for families and marriage can assist adults suffering from ADHD to solve the problems they cause their spouses, kids and friends. They frequently complain of being undependable and unorganized. They often forget things or make decisions impulsively. Classes and therapy in which spouses and other family members are taught about ADHD can help you build healthier relationships. Additionally, it can help you and your loved ones understand that these problems are related to the patient's ADHD instead of an absence of care or an unwillingness to cooperate. my sources is a highly frequent neurobiological disorder. It is often accompanied by other disorders that are comorbid, such as anxiety, depression and abuse disorders. The use of medication and psychosocial interventions is available as treatments. There are a variety of medications available for adults with ADHD and some of them have been evaluated in clinical trials. These studies have exposed the strengths and weaknesses of the medication. Adults suffering from ADHD suffer from the same issues as children, however it isn't always easy to diagnose them because the symptoms of childhood may not persist until adulthood. Adults who suffer from ADHD may also not have any family background of the disorder or may not be aware of symptoms. A thorough medical history is important to help determine whether the symptoms are due to an illness such as a thyroid problem or sleep apnea, issues with vision and hearing or lead poisoning. Adults with ADHD are treated with stimulants or non-stimulants. Stimulants have the highest reaction rates for people suffering from ADHD. Their response rates range from 70% to 70% to 80%. Amphetamine and methylphenidate are among the most commonly prescribed stimulants. Methylphenidate can also be administered via a transdermal device. This permits continuous medication delivery during the day. Adults with ADHD are able to take nonstimulant medication that act on norepinephrine or dopamine. Desipramine is one of the most studied tricyclic and has been shown to be effective in adult patients with ADHD. It is a low dose drug and is recommended to increase the dose by 50 mg every 7 days until the desired effect is observed. Bupropion XL is a different antidepressant which has been proven to be effective in adults suffering from ADHD. It is a dopamine-agonist which blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine in the presynaptic cellular transporter and increasing its presence in the brain. The drug has been proven to improve mood and decrease hyperactivity in adults, however it isn't as effective as stimulants in improving cognitive performance or concentration.